Browse Items (202 total)

This is the dedication page of Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus’ seminal work, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium, “On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres,” which he published in 1543 just months before he died. In it he presents…

This engraving of Martin Luther depicts him mostly likely after he wrote the 95 thesis. The engraving of Martin Luther is shaped as an oval with Latin and Dutch sentences below it talking about Luther’s beliefs. This piece was likely used as…

The first documented case of European tobacco initiation came in 1518 during Juan de Grijalva’s expedition of the Yucatán Peninsula (Norton, 48). As such, tobacco was initially viewed as a brokering tool, not as a commodity. Yet, it gradually grew in…

An Extended Introduction to the Exhibit which traces the growth of political thought and ideology in the early modern period of Europe.

Philip IV’s reign in Spain is also marked by attempts to centralize power, as was the trend in other European nations (most notably France behind the leadership of the Cardinal Richelieu). The man most associated with this centralization is Don…

In “Reflections on the Revolution in France,” Edmund Burke critiques the revolution that had recently occurred in France as irrational and impractical. Burke, a pillar of 18th-century conservatism, advocated for a well-supported divine right…

Shortly after the publication of Martin Luther’s complaints against the Catholic Church in the early 16th century, Protestant religions rapidly spread across the European continent through printed documents as well as traveling preachers…

Despite being born in Crete, Doménikos Theotokópoulos is perhaps the most recognizable Spanish painter from the 16th century. Known as El Greco, the artist moved from Venetian Greece to Venice itself to study sometime between the ages of 19 and 25,…

The Edict of Restitution was published by Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II in 1629. It laid out a set of orders that had the potential to marginalize Protestantism in the Holy Roman Empire and pave the way for a centralized and unified Germany.…

Italian economic political theory played an important role during the age of crisis and throughout the enlightenment. Economic theorist Ferdinando Galiani focuses on Value and Interest theory as well as Economic Policy (Ferdinando). He specifically…

Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446), one of the most prominent architects of early Renaissance, designed Ospedale degli Innocenti. The "Hospital of the Innocents" was built in mind for infants who had been abandoned by their parents and is one of the…

This short text, written by Francis Bacon illustrates a rather important aspect of the Scientific Revolution- that of patronage and the importance of powerful backers in scientific endeavors. While the contents of his discovery is also interesting,…